9 september 2024 : Hip impingement, or femoroacetabular impingement (FAI), occurs when the femur and pelvis make abnormal contact during movement, leading to pain and restricted motion. This condition, which can affect people of all ages, not just athletes, develops gradually and can significantly impair daily activities and overall quality of life.
Dr. Aashish Arbat, an Orthopedic and Joint Replacement Surgeon at Jehangir Multispeciality Hospitals in Pune, explains that hip impingement often worsens over time. Lifestyle factors, such as repetitive motions from sports like soccer or sedentary habits that weaken hip muscles, can contribute to the condition. It is also associated with early-onset osteoarthritis, especially in individuals under 45.
Causes:
Hip impingement can result from anatomical variations, such as an irregularly shaped femoral head or acetabulum, leading to abnormal joint contact. Other contributing factors include genetics, high-impact sports involving repetitive hip movements, and biomechanical imbalances that stress the hip joint.
Symptoms:
Common symptoms include clicking or popping sensations during movement, pain while walking or performing activities, stiffness in the hip and groin, lower back pain, and difficulty flexing the hip. Anyone experiencing these symptoms should consult a doctor.
Diagnosis:
Diagnosis involves reviewing medical history, a physical examination, and imaging tests like X-rays, MRIs, or CT scans to assess the hip joint’s structure. Treatment is based on the diagnosis.
Treatment:
Managing hip impingement typically involves a multidisciplinary approach. Initial treatments include medication, rest, and physical therapy tailored to improve hip flexibility, strength, and range of motion. In severe cases, arthroscopy may be recommended. This minimally invasive surgery addresses structural issues such as bone spurs or labral tears, offering less postoperative pain and quicker recovery compared to traditional open surgery. It can help avoid or delay the need for hip replacement and significantly improve quality of life.