15 august 2024 : Actress Chhavi Hussein has candidly discussed her ongoing struggle with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in a poignant social media update, highlighting the erratic nature of her illness.
In her Instagram message, she expressed her exasperation regarding the persistent lupus rashes. “My lupus (SLE) rash has been recurring, and while I typically do not let it discourage me, it is indeed frustrating that I cannot identify the triggers for these flare-ups, which consistently leave behind a white, de-pigmented mark,” she stated.
Despite seeking advice from multiple physicians and exploring alternative therapies, Hussein disclosed that she has experienced minimal relief and has had to revert to steroid treatments, which have not yet yielded significant results.
Dr. Swetha Sridhar, an assistant professor at Bowring and Lady Curzon Hospital, commented, “Lupus is a complex autoimmune disorder known for its unpredictable flare-ups, where symptoms can suddenly intensify. Recognizing the triggers and managing these episodes is essential for enhancing the quality of life for individuals affected by lupus.”
Common triggers for lupus (SLE) flare-ups include:
Sun Exposure: Ultraviolet (UV) radiation from sunlight is a recognized trigger for lupus rashes and other symptoms. It is believed that UV rays can harm skin cells, resulting in inflammation and an overactive immune response. It is advisable to avoid direct sunlight, particularly during peak hours.
Infections: Both bacterial and viral infections can place stress on the immune system, potentially causing it to become overactive and trigger a flare. It is important to consult a healthcare professional for evaluation.
Stress: Emotional or physical stress, such as significant life changes, illness, or surgical procedures, can greatly affect the immune system and heighten the risk of a flare. Engaging in relaxation techniques such as meditation, deep breathing exercises, or yoga can be beneficial.
Medications: Certain pharmaceutical agents, such as specific antibiotics, antihypertensive drugs, and anti-seizure medications, may induce lupus or exacerbate symptoms in individuals who are predisposed.
Hormonal Changes: Variations in hormone levels, particularly during periods such as pregnancy or menopause, can occasionally trigger or intensify lupus symptoms. It is advisable to adopt certain lifestyle modifications, including a nutritious diet, regular physical activity, and sufficient rest.
Treatment options for lupus rashes
As stated by Dr. Sridhar, the management of lupus rashes typically requires a blend of pharmacological treatments and lifestyle adjustments.
*Topical Treatments: Corticosteroid creams or ointments are frequently employed to alleviate inflammation and modulate the immune response in the skin. These treatments can be effective for mild to moderate rashes; however, prolonged use may lead to skin thinning, stretch marks, and other adverse effects.
*Oral Medications: In cases of more severe or extensive rashes, oral medications such as hydroxychloroquine, corticosteroids, or immunosuppressants may be recommended. While these medications can effectively manage inflammation and suppress the immune system, long-term use may result in potential side effects, including an increased risk of infections, osteoporosis, cataracts, and elevated blood pressure.
*Phototherapy: Narrowband UVB phototherapy may benefit certain individuals with skin involvement. However, it necessitates regular treatment sessions and may not be appropriate for all patients.
Emerging treatments
Dr. Sridhar informs indianexpress.com, “Although conventional treatments like corticosteroids and immunosuppressants continue to be fundamental in lupus management, research is actively being conducted to create new therapies that specifically target immune pathways, aiming for enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects.”
Biologics represent targeted therapies that function by inhibiting specific molecules involved in the inflammatory process, she explains. “Certain biologics, such as belimumab, have demonstrated potential in decreasing lupus disease activity and enhancing quality of life.”
Medications like JAK inhibitors focus on a specific family of enzymes.
In addition, although it remains in the experimental phase, stem cell therapy shows potential for reestablishing the immune system and encouraging prolonged remission in lupus, she notes.